Class OutputStreamWriter

java.lang.Object
java.io.Writer
java.io.OutputStreamWriter
All Implemented Interfaces:
Closeable, Flushable, Appendable, AutoCloseable
Direct Known Subclasses:
FileWriter
public class OutputStreamWriter extends Writer
An OutputStreamWriter is a bridge from character streams to byte streams: Characters written to it are encoded into bytes using a specified charset. The charset that it uses may be specified by name or may be given explicitly, or the default charset may be accepted.

Each invocation of a write() method causes the encoding converter to be invoked on the given character(s). The resulting bytes are accumulated in a buffer before being written to the underlying output stream. Note that the characters passed to the write() methods are not buffered.

For top efficiency, consider wrapping an OutputStreamWriter within a BufferedWriter so as to avoid frequent converter invocations. For example: 

    Writer out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(anOutputStream));

A surrogate pair is a character represented by a sequence of two char values: A high surrogate in the range '\uD800' to '\uDBFF' followed by a low surrogate in the range '\uDC00' to '\uDFFF'.

A malformed surrogate element is a high surrogate that is not followed by a low surrogate or a low surrogate that is not preceded by a high surrogate.

This class always replaces malformed surrogate elements and unmappable character sequences with the charset's default substitution sequence. The CharsetEncoder class should be used when more control over the encoding process is required.

Since:
1.1
See Also:

  • Field Summary

    Fields declared in class Writer

    lock
    Modifier and Type
    Field
    Description
    protected Object
    lock
    The object used to synchronize operations on this stream.

  • Constructor Summary

    Constructors
    Constructor
    Description
    OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out)
    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the default character encoding, or where out is a PrintStream, the charset used by the print stream.
    OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, String charsetName)
    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the named charset.
    OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, Charset cs)
    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset.
    OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, CharsetEncoder enc)
    Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset encoder.

  • Method Summary

    Modifier and Type
    Method
    Description
    void
    close()
    Closes the stream, flushing it first.
    void
    flush()
    Flushes the stream.
    String
    getEncoding()
    Returns the name of the character encoding being used by this stream.
    void
    write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len)
    Writes a portion of an array of characters.
    void
    write(int c)
    Writes a single character.
    void
    write(String str, int off, int len)
    Writes a portion of a string.

    Methods declared in class Writer

    append, append, append, nullWriter, write, write
    Modifier and Type
    Method
    Description
    Writer
    append(char c)
    Appends the specified character to this writer.
    Writer
    append(CharSequence csq)
    Appends the specified character sequence to this writer.
    Writer
    append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end)
    Appends a subsequence of the specified character sequence to this writer.
    static Writer
    nullWriter()
    Returns a new Writer which discards all characters.
    void
    write(char[] cbuf)
    Writes an array of characters.
    void
    write(String str)
    Writes a string.

    Methods declared in class Object

    clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait
    Modifier and Type
    Method
    Description
    protected Object
    clone()
    Answers a new instance of the same class as the receiver, whose slots have been filled in with the values in the slots of the receiver.
    boolean
    equals(Object o)
    Compares the argument to the receiver, and answers true if they represent the same object using a class specific comparison.
    protected void
    finalize()
    Deprecated, for removal: This API element is subject to removal in a future version.
    May cause performance issues, deadlocks and hangs.
    final Class<? extends Object>
    getClass()
    Answers the unique instance of java.lang.Class which represents the class of the receiver.
    int
    hashCode()
    Answers an integer hash code for the receiver.
    final void
    notify()
    Causes one thread which is waiting on the receiver to be made ready to run.
    final void
    notifyAll()
    Causes all threads which are waiting on the receiver to be made ready to run.
    String
    toString()
    Answers a string containing a concise, human-readable description of the receiver.
    final void
    wait()
    Causes the thread which sent this message to be made not ready to run pending some change in the receiver (as indicated by notify or notifyAll).
    final void
    wait(long time)
    Causes the thread which sent this message to be made not ready to run either pending some change in the receiver (as indicated by notify or notifyAll) or the expiration of the timeout.
    final void
    wait(long time, int frac)
    Causes the thread which sent this message to be made not ready to run either pending some change in the receiver (as indicated by notify or notifyAll) or the expiration of the timeout.

  • Constructor Details

    • OutputStreamWriter

      public OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, String charsetName) throws UnsupportedEncodingException
      Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the named charset.
      Parameters:
      out - An OutputStream
      charsetName - The name of a supported charset
      Throws:
      UnsupportedEncodingException - If the named encoding is not supported

    • OutputStreamWriter

      public OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out)
      Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the default character encoding, or where out is a PrintStream, the charset used by the print stream.
      Parameters:
      out - An OutputStream
      See Also:

    • OutputStreamWriter

      public OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, Charset cs)
      Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset.
      Parameters:
      out - An OutputStream
      cs - A charset
      Since:
      1.4

    • OutputStreamWriter

      public OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream out, CharsetEncoder enc)
      Creates an OutputStreamWriter that uses the given charset encoder.
      Parameters:
      out - An OutputStream
      enc - A charset encoder
      Since:
      1.4

  • Method Details

    • getEncoding

      public String getEncoding()
      Returns the name of the character encoding being used by this stream.

      If the encoding has an historical name then that name is returned; otherwise the encoding's canonical name is returned.

      If this instance was created with the OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream, String) constructor then the returned name, being unique for the encoding, may differ from the name passed to the constructor. This method may return null if the stream has been closed.

      Returns:
      The historical name of this encoding, or possibly null if the stream has been closed
      See Also:

    • write

      public void write(int c) throws IOException
      Writes a single character.
      Overrides:
      write in class Writer
      Parameters:
      c - int specifying a character to be written
      Throws:
      IOException - If an I/O error occurs

    • write

      public void write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException
      Writes a portion of an array of characters.
      Specified by:
      write in class Writer
      Parameters:
      cbuf - Buffer of characters
      off - Offset from which to start writing characters
      len - Number of characters to write
      Throws:
      IndexOutOfBoundsException - If off is negative, or len is negative, or off + len is negative or greater than the length of the given array
      IOException - If an I/O error occurs

    • write

      public void write(String str, int off, int len) throws IOException
      Writes a portion of a string.
      Overrides:
      write in class Writer
      Parameters:
      str - A String
      off - Offset from which to start writing characters
      len - Number of characters to write
      Throws:
      IndexOutOfBoundsException - If off is negative, or len is negative, or off + len is negative or greater than the length of the given string
      IOException - If an I/O error occurs

    • flush

      public void flush() throws IOException
      Flushes the stream.
      Specified by:
      flush in interface Flushable
      Specified by:
      flush in class Writer
      Throws:
      IOException - If an I/O error occurs

    • close

      public void close() throws IOException
      Description copied from class: Writer
      Closes the stream, flushing it first. Once the stream has been closed, further write() or flush() invocations will cause an IOException to be thrown. Closing a previously closed stream has no effect.
      Specified by:
      close in interface AutoCloseable
      Specified by:
      close in interface Closeable
      Specified by:
      close in class Writer
      Throws:
      IOException - If an I/O error occurs